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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that is found in the lining of organs, including the lung (pleura) and abdomen. It is usually caused by exposure to asbestos, a class of minerals made of tiny fibres. It can take between 20 to 60 years after exposure before mesothelioma starts to appear. X-rays or blood tests are a way to identify mesothelioma and determine how far it has spread. Pleural Mesothelioma Pleural Mesothelioma is caused by malignant cells that grow in the lining of the lungs. The pleura is a double-layered tissue that surrounds various organs. Cancerous pleural msothelioma is most often located in the lungs, or the chest wall. It can trigger symptoms like a breathlessness as well as chest pain and difficulty breathing. Asbestos exposure is the most frequent cause of mesothelioma pleural. When asbestos fibers in the air are inhaled, they may be absorbed by the throat and into the lungs which can cause damage to the lining. This can cause scarring and inflammation that may cause changes that result in uncontrolled cell growth. Certain asbestos-exposures may not show symptoms for a long time after exposure. This is due to the fact that mesothelioma can take several years or more to develop. Males and those born male are more likely to be diagnosed with mesothelioma. Other common diagnoses include older adults, those who worked in industries that employed asbestos in large quantities prior to the time it was regulated or who were in the Navy. The symptoms can vary based on the area of the tumor. The symptoms are typically caused by increased pressure or swelling near the affected lung. These symptoms include fatigue, undiagnosed weight loss, chest pain, and back pain. X-rays or CT or MRIs may be used for a diagnosis to rule out other conditions that may be causing similar symptoms. When pleural asbestosis is discovered doctors will determine the stage of cancer to determine the best treatment options. The International Mesothelioma Interest Group has developed the staging system. The first step to determining the stage of the disease is to perform an examination of the medical records of the patient. X-rays or a chest MRI are also used to determine if there are any tumors, or other abnormalities that could be indicative of mesothelioma. There are three kinds of mesothelioma. They can be classified based on the type of cells that form: Epithelioid Mesothelioma is the most frequent malignant mesothelioma (60 to 80 percent of cases). It is more easily treated compared to other types. Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma: This is the second most frequent kind of mesothelioma (10 percent to 15% of cases). It is more difficult to treat than epithelioid mesothelioma. Peritoneal Mesothelioma Peritoneal mesothelioma forms in the lining of the abdominal cavity (peritoneum). It is less common than the pleural form. Like all mesotheliomas, the peritoneal cancer is caused by asbestos exposure. This type of mesothelioma is more likely to result from ingestion rather than inhalation, which is not the case with pleural. This type of mesothelioma generally occurs in older adults and is more prevalent in women than men. The initial stages of mesothelioma are difficult to recognize because of the lack of specificity. However, mesothelioma experts are able to recognize the condition. Complete patient histories and blood and imaging tests, can aid doctors in making an accurate diagnosis of mesothelioma. A doctor will utilize the TNM system to determine the stage of cancer following a mesothelioma diagnosis. The staging system outlines the extent of the tumors' spread and affects treatment options. The lower the stage the more treatment options are available. It can be difficult to identify peritoneal msothelioma because it is so uncommon. The symptoms of this disease are similar to those of other illnesses that affect the gastrointestinal tract and abdomen, including abdominal pain, fever, and weight loss. Patients experiencing symptoms that are not explained should consult a doctor. Doctors will begin with a physical examination and taking basic blood tests. If these tests reveal that there is a disease, an oncologist may perform more detailed diagnostic tests, including biopsies. This will provide a clear picture of the patient's health and will identify any possible mesothelioma symptoms. Asbestos is the main cause of mesothelioma. Exposure to asbestos typically occurs in the workplace, however it can also happen in the home or at schools. Asbestos exposure is the most hazardous when it occurs over an extended period of time. Mesothelioma can develop when asbestos dust or asbestos particles enter the body, causing inflammation or irritation. Over time inflammation and irritation can cause cells to mutate and become cancerous. The cancerous tissue that is formed can then invade other tissues and cause symptoms such as abdominal discomfort and weight gain, fever and swelling. Cardiovascular Mesothelioma Pericardial mesothelioma is a rare cancer that affects the heart's lining or the pericardium. This type of mesothelioma accounts for less than 1% of mesothelioma. It is also difficult to detect due to the similar symptoms to heart disease. This is why many people are diagnosed of heart disease before doctors can confirm that they have pericardial mesothelioma. Like other types of mesothelioma the pericardial mesothelioma may be caused by asbestos exposure. Asbestos fibers can enter the pericardium via the bloodstream. The fibers could then travel to other organs, including the heart. Pericardial Mesothelioma is usually found in the outer layer, but it may also occur in its inner layer. Pericardial mesothelioma has a worse prognosis than other forms of mesothelioma. The symptoms of fatigue, chest pain and difficulty breathing are the main symptoms of pericardial Mesothelioma. Due to the rareness of this mesothelioma type, it is especially important for victims to have an extensive medical exam. If they have a prior history of exposure to asbestos, it is even more critical that they tell their doctor. A CT scan or an echocardiogram is usually the first step to diagnose mesothelioma. These tests can detect an accumulation of fluid around the heart as well as visible pericardial tumours. If these tests reveal mesothelioma is present doctors may perform additional procedures to confirm the diagnosis. These include a biopsy or radiation. A mesothelioma biopsy is a procedure by which a small sample of tissue is taken from the affected area, and then examined under microscope. This helps doctors determine the type of mesothelioma and the stage of the disease. Patients with mesothelioma can be treated in cancer centers and specialist hospitals across the nation. Treatment options for mesothelioma can include surgery, chemo and radiation. In certain cases, patients may be eligible for health care at no cost or with a reduced price through the Department of Veterans Affairs. For patients with mesothelioma this financial assistance is crucial in making treatment more accessible. To find out more about your benefits get in touch with a VA-approved attorney for mesothelioma. Reproductive Mesothelioma Mesothelioma may develop in the linings of organs in the abdomen or chest. It can also grow in the tissue of the heart (pericardium) and testicles. The risk for men is higher than women due to unknown causes. Asbestos exposure is the most significant risk factor. new jersey asbestos attorneys don't appear until years after exposure. People exposed to asbestos in the workplace are at greater risk of developing mesothelioma than others. In the majority of cases, mesothelioma's first sign is a persistent cough or chest pains. These symptoms are usually similar to those of other lung conditions and, therefore, mesothelioma is often misdiagnosed. Once diagnosed, the patient may undergo a variety of tests to determine the extent the cancer has spread and its stage. These tests may include imaging scans such as X-rays or CT scans. A biopsy can be taken by a mesothelioma specialist to confirm the diagnosis. The biopsy can be performed using a core-needle or laparoscopically. The biopsy should be carried out by a peritoneal-mesothelioma specialist. General medical oncologists don't have the expertise to diagnose peritoneal mesothelioma and could miss diagnosing the condition. The results of mesothelioma test will help doctors decide on the best treatment plan for you. The treatment you receive will depend on how far the cancer has spread and your overall health. Treatments include radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery. It is possible to control the symptoms. Most types of mesothelioma can be treated by chemotherapy. These drugs can also cause harm to healthy cells. They can damage the ovarian tissue, which could affect fertility. This is especially true for peritoneal mesothelioma, that occurs in the region surrounding reproductive organs. The type and severity of mesothelioma you suffer from, as well as your age and general health can affect how fast the cancer is treated and the prognosis. Around 2700 people in the UK are diagnosed with mesothelioma every year. The most common form of mesothelioma is found in the linings around the abdomen and lungs (peritoneum) however, it can also be found around the testicles and heart.